https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index en-au 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45560 Wed 28 Feb 2024 15:21:35 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45116 n = 6; aged 1–14 years) who underwent testis tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation. Fresh and frozen-thawed testis fragments were transplanted subcutaneously or intratesticularly into immunocompromised mice. Graft-bearing mice received injections of vehicle or exogenous gonadotrophins, human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG, 20 IU), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH, 12.5 IU) three times a week for 12 weeks. The gross morphology of vehicle and gonadotrophin-exposed grafts was similar for both transplantation sites. Exposure of prepubertal human testis tissue xenografts to exogenous gonadotrophins resulted in limited endocrine function of grafts, as demonstrated by the occasional expression of the steroidogenic cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1). Plasma testosterone concentrations (0.13 vs. 0.25 ng/mL; p = 0.594) and seminal vesicle weights (10.02 vs. 13.93 mg; p = 0.431) in gonadotrophin-exposed recipient mice were comparable to vehicle-exposed controls. Regardless of the transplantation site and treatment, initiation and maintenance of androgen receptor (AR) expression were observed in Sertoli cells, indicating commitment towards a more differentiated status. However, neither exogenous gonadotrophins (in castrated host mice) nor endogenous testosterone (in intact host mice) were sufficient to repress the expression of markers associated with immature Sertoli cells, such as anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and Ki67, or to induce the redistribution of junctional proteins (connexin 43, CX43; claudin 11, CLDN11) to areas adjacent to the basement membrane. Spermatogonia did not progress developmentally but remained the most advanced germ cell type in testis xenografts. Overall, these findings demonstrate that exogenous gonadotrophins promote partial activation and maturation of the somatic environment in prepubertal testis xenografts. However, alternative hormone regimens or additional factors for pubertal induction are required to complete the functional maturation of the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) niche.]]> Wed 26 Oct 2022 13:34:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45031 Wed 26 Oct 2022 10:52:42 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51687 Tue 27 Aug 2024 10:17:31 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48330 Tue 14 Mar 2023 16:54:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44983 in vitro upregulated steroidogenic genes but did not fully induce LC differentiation. In vivo, no difference in LC-regeneration was noted between Sham and hAd-PSC-transplanted rats. Interestingly, Cyp17a1 expression increased in hAd-PSC-transplanted testes compared to intact vehicle controls and the luteinising hormone/testosterone ratio returned to Vehicle control levels which was not the case in EDS + Sham animals. Notably, hAd-PSCs were undetectable one-month after transplantation suggesting this effect is likely mediated via paracrine mechanisms during the initial stages of regeneration; either directly by interacting with regenerating LCs, or through indirect interactions with trophic macrophages.]]> Thu 27 Oct 2022 09:17:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44090 Thu 06 Oct 2022 15:55:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7193 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:35:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7116 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:34:09 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7104 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:34:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12745 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:16:37 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:11064 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:13:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17788 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:57:23 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19171 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:18 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25302 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:30:19 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25303 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:30:19 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:3769 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:20:49 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50641 HSD17B3 mutations have poorly masculinised external genitalia that can appear as ambiguous or female, whilst having internal Wolffian structures and testes. Recent studies in mice deficient in HSD17B3 have made the surprising finding that testosterone production is maintained, male mice are masculinised and remain fertile, suggesting differences between mice and human testosterone production exist. We discuss the phenotypic differences observed and the possible other pathways and enzymes that could be contributing to testosterone production and male development. The identification of alternative testosterone synthesising enzymes could inform the development of novel therapies to endogenously regulate testosterone production in individuals with testosterone deficiency.]]> Mon 31 Jul 2023 16:48:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46652 p-NMDAR1) and (3) phosphorylated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (p-CaMKII). In addition, the content of whole brain malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined. Treatment with T significantly elevated the number of intact pyramidal cells in hippocampal CA1 region and markedly increased hippocampal protein and mRNA expression levels of p-NMDAR1 and p-CaMK II. Further, T significantly decreased whole brain MDA levels accompanied by elevated activities of SOD and GSH-Px. Data suggest that the protective effects of T on synaptic plasticity in a mouse AD model may be associated with reduction of oxidant stress.]]> Mon 28 Nov 2022 17:29:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32321 Mon 23 Sep 2019 14:01:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39180 n = 29/32) were included in the current analysis (male: n = 22, 36.07%). DHA-enriched fish oil supplementation increased total testosterone levels in males after adjusting for baseline levels, age and BMI. There was no treatment effect in females. Changes in testosterone levels in males were positively associated with changes to omega-3 PUFAs EPA and DHA and inversely correlated with omega-6 PUFA, arachidonic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid content in erythrocyte membranes, and was associated with beneficial changes to fasting insulin and HOMA-IR across the course of the study. DHA-enriched fish oil supplementation increases testosterone levels in overweight and obese men. Further research is warranted to substantiate these findings with a larger sample size and a longer follow-up period.]]> Mon 23 May 2022 16:16:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45503 Fri 28 Oct 2022 16:07:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39668 n = 124) and a group with seminal abnormalities (SAG, n = 136). Evaluation included complete physical examination, past medical history, habits and lifestyle factors, two complete seminal analysis with sperm functional tests, serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D₃(25(OH)VD₃), total and free testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), total cholesterol, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, and karyotype. The mean concentration of 25(OH)VD₃ was significantly lower in the SAG (P < 0.001) and positively correlated with all baseline seminal parameters and total testosterone levels. In addition, serum vitamin D₃ concentration was found to be positively correlated with sperm concentration (β = 2.103; P < 0.001), total number of spermatozoa with progressive motility (β = 2.069; P = 0.003), total number of motile spermatozoa (β = 2.571; P = 0.015), and strict morphology (β = 0.056; P = 0.006), regardless of other variables. This is the first comparative study to address the issue of serum vitamin D₃ content between normozoospermic patients and those with sperm abnormalities. It clearly demonstrates a direct and positive relationship between serum vitamin D level and overall semen quality, male reproductive potential, and testosterone levels.]]> Fri 17 Jun 2022 15:25:05 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44473 Fri 14 Oct 2022 08:50:28 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41746 Fri 12 Aug 2022 11:28:20 AEST ]]>